养老机构老年人口腔健康相关生活质量状况及影响因素分析

Oral health related quality of life and its influencing factors of elderly people in long-term care facilities

目的:调查养老机构老年人的口腔健康相关生活质量状况并分析其影响因素。方法:采用便利抽样法选取天津市中心城区的8家养老机构484名老年人为研究对象,应用一般资料调查表、老年人口腔健康生活质量评价指数和口腔保健自我效能量表进行调查。结果:养老机构老年人口腔健康相关生活质量得分为(42.30±5.66)分。多元线性回归结果显示,养老机构老年人的牙齿满意程度、自我评价口腔状况、口腔保健自我效能和接受口腔健康教育是影响其口腔健康相关生活质量的因素(P<0.05)。结论:我国养老机构老年人的口腔健康相关生活质量较差,有待提高。改善老年人的牙齿满意程度、口腔状况和口腔保健自我效能,积极开展结合实物模型演示的口腔健康教育,将有助于提高其口腔健康相关生活质量。

Objective:To investigate the level and influencing factors of Oral Health-Related Quality Of Life(QHRQOL)among elderly people in long-term care facilities.Methods:By convenience sampling,totally 484 elderly residents from 8 nursing homes in Tianjin were investigated with general information questionnaire,Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index(GOHAI)and Self-Efficacy Scale for Self-care(SESS).Results:The mean score of QHRQOL was 42.30±5.66 in elderly people from nursing homes.Multiple linear regression analysis showed that dental satisfaction,self-evaluation of oral status,oral health self-efficacy and whether received oral health education were influencing factors of QHRQOL(P<0.05).Conclusion:The QHRQOL of the aged in long-term care facilities is poor and needs to be improved.Improving the dental satisfaction,oral condition and oral health self-efficacy in the aged,and oral health education using physical model demonstrations will be benefit to improve the QHRQOL of elderly people in long-term care facilities.