京津冀社区嵌入式小规模多功能养老机构人力配置现状及影响因素研究

Research on the current situation and influencing factors of manpower allocation in embedded small-scale multi-functional elderly care institutions in Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei province

目的:调查京津冀社区嵌入式小规模多功能养老机构(简称机构)平均每百床从业人员总数和各级各类人员数量等人力配置现况,分析平均每百床从业人员总数影响因素。方法:2019年4—6月采用自设问卷对京津冀地区189家养老机构进行人力配置状况的调查。结果:机构平均每百床从业人员总数、工勤人员总数、护理员数、专业技术人员总数、社工数、志愿者数中位数分别为25.7(16.0,38.1)人,4.0(1.6,10.1)人,13.3(8.8,21.0)人,4.3(2.0,10.0)人,0(0,1.0)人,2.8(0,53.3)人;多元线性回归结果显示,影响京津冀机构平均每百床从业人员配置的因素包括床位使用率、70~79岁老年人所占比例、不同地区,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:京津冀机构从业人员短缺,各级各类人员数量存在不足,政府应建立规范以减小地区间差异,机构应结合床位使用率、收住70~90岁老年人比例更合理配备从业人员,确保机构服务质量和持续运营。

Objective:To investigate the average number of employees per 100 beds and the number of various types of personnel at various levels,and to analyze the related factors of the manpower allocation in embedded small-scale multifunctional pension institutions in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei communities.Methods:A self-designed questionnaire was used to investigate the manpower allocation of 189 elderly care institutions in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region from April to June 2019.Results:The average number of employees per 100 beds was 25.7(16.0,38.1),the number of workers was 4.0(1.6,10.1),the number of caregivers was 13.3(8.8,21.0),the number of professional and technical personnel was 4.3(2.0,10.0),the number of social workers was 0(0,1.0),and the number of volunteers was 2.8(0,53.3)in the community embedded small-scale multifunctional elderly care institutions.The multiple linear regression results showed that the influencing factors of the average number of employees per 100 beds in embedded small-scale multi-functional elderly care institutions included bed utilization rate,the proportion of 70-79-year-olds,and the location of regions(P<0.05).Conclusion:There is a shortage of employees in the embedded small-scale multi-functional elderly care institutions in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei communities.The pension institutions should be equipped with employees in a more reasonable way according to the utilization rate of beds and the proportion of the elderly aged from 70 to 90,so as to ensure the service quality and sustainable operation of the institution.