成年血友病患者跌倒危险因素研究

Study on risk factors of fall in adult hemophilia patients

目的:调查成年血友病患者跌倒发生情况,分析成年血友病患者跌倒危险因素,为开展干预提供参考。方法:2018年10月至2019年4月,便利抽取就诊于北京市某三级甲等医院血友病门诊的成年血友病患者,收集患者一般资料,调查患者过去一年跌倒及跌倒伤害发生情况,并进行运动测试。按是否发生跌倒分为两组,采用单因素及多因素分析比较组间一般资料及运动测试结果的差异,获得成年血友病患者的跌倒危险因素。结果:共163名患者参与本研究,其中64名在过去一年中发生跌倒,多因素分析结果显示跌倒的发生与髋关节为靶关节、平衡能力受损及功能性步行能力下降有关(P<0.05)。结论:成年血友病患者跌倒及跌倒伤害发生率较高,与老年人群相近,需要引起患者及医护人员关注,加强预防治疗、开展平衡功能锻炼,降低跌倒风险。

Objective:To investigate the incidence of falls and fall-related injuries in adult hemophilia patients,and to analyze the risk factors of fall,and to provide reference for evidence-based intervention.Methods:From October 2018 to April 2019,convenience sampling was used to investigate fall occurrence in patients with hemophilia during the past year.The general information of patients was collected,and functional tests were conducted.According to whether or not a fall occurred,the patients were divided into two groups.The univariate and multivariate analysis were used to compare the differences between the general data and the functional test results,and analysis the risk factors of fall in adult hemophilia patients.Results:A total of 163 patients participated in the study,64 of whom had fallen in the past year.Multivariate analysis showed that the occurrence of falls was related to hip as the target joint,balance ability and time up and go test result(P<0.05).Conclusion:Adult hemophilia patients have a higher incidence of falls and fall-related injuries,similar to the elderly.It needs to arouse the attention of medical staff and patients,strengthen prophylaxis treatment and conduct rehabilitation therapy to reduce the risk of falls.