公路风吹雪雪阻分布规律及雪灾形成机理研究

Research on the Distribution Law of Snow Blockage of Snow Drift on Road and the Formation Mechanism of Snow Disaster

为探究白茫雪山防雪走廊段公路风吹雪雪阻的分布规律及其形成机理,利用自主研发的自动气象站对相关路段的雪深进行监测,并利用监测所得到的数据结合Google Earth图像从纵向和横向两个方面对防雪走廊段的雪阻分布规律开展研究。研究表明:在白茫雪山防雪走廊段,当道路成型、周边环境不变且风向相同的情况下,路面雪深分布规律是相似的;对两个典型的道路横断面进行雪深量测,研究表明两侧有一定坡度的半路堑,路面产生了严重雪阻;雪阻主要是因为降雪时间长、气温低、积雪不易融化,而道路两侧的地形地势和路侧植被、与主导风向垂直的公路走向、一定起伏的纵断面及以迎风半路堑和全路堑为主的横断面型式,加重了防雪走廊段雪阻灾害的程度。研究成果可为高寒雪灾影响地区的公路设计提供参考。

In order to explore the distribution law and formation mechanism of the snow drift and snow blockage of the Baimang Snow Mountain snow-proof corridor section,the self-developed automatic weather station is used to monitor the snow depth of the relevant road sections,and the data obtained by the monitoring is combined with the Google Earth image ratio.The snow blockage distribution law of the snow-proof corridor section is studied from the longitudinal and horizontal aspects.The research shows that in the snow-proof corridor section of Baiji Snow Mountain,when the road is formed,the surrounding environment is unchanged and the wind direction is the same,the snow depth distribution law of the road surface is similar;the snow depth measurement of two typical road cross sections is studied.It indicates that there are half slopes with a certain slope on both sides,and the road surface has serious snow blockage;the snow blockage is mainly due to the long snowfall time,low temperature,and the snow is not easy to melt,while the topography and roadside vegetation on both sides of the road are perpendicular to the dominant wind direction.The highway direction,the undulating longitudinal section and the snowproof corridor section with the main cross-section of the windward halfway and the whole roadway increase the degree of snow-resistance disasters in the snow-proof corridor section.The research results can provide reference for the design of highways in the area affected by the cold and snowstorm.