基于成像法的玻璃厚度测量

GLASS THICKNESS MEASUREMENT BY IMAGING METHOD

光学成像是生活中常见的物理现象,同时也是中学物理教学中的重要内容。本文对基于成像法的玻璃厚度测量进行了研究。基于光线理论给出了经玻璃上下表面反射光的成像光斑间距与玻璃厚度之间的数学关系,设计了一套简易的实验系统,提出了一种基于“斜率逼近法”的比例系数“k”的计算方法。该玻璃测厚教学实验装置具有原理简单和成本低等优势,涉及光学成像,以及简单的图像和数据处理等内容,适合高中的教学及实验,能够激发学生对物理的兴趣,同时培养学生的逻辑分析能力和实践动手能力。

Optical imaging is a common physical phenomenon in life and also an important teaching content in high school physics course. In this paper, an approach to measuring glass thickness is investigated based on imaging technology. Based on the ray theory, the mathematical relationship between glass thickness and spacing of imaging spots of the reflected light from the upper and lower surfaces of glass is given, a simple optical system for measuring glass thickness is designed, and a new method of calculating the coefficient “k” based on “slope approximation method” is proposed. The glass thickness measuring experimental system is featured by simple principle and low cost, involving optical imaging, basic image and data processing. It suits teaching and experimenting for high school students, which can stimulate the interest of students in physics, and cultivate students’ logical analysis ability and practical ability at the same time.