建党百年来劳动教育的历史变迁与反思展望——基于教育方针分析的视角

The Historical Changes, Reflection and Prospect of Labor Education in the 100 Years since the Founding of the Communist Party of China——From the Perspective of Educational Policy Analysis

中国共产党成立一百年来,劳动教育历经新民主主义文化教育总方针、新中国社会主义教育方针、新时期中国特色社会主义教育方针和新时代社会主义教育方针的指引共四个时期,体现出渐趋本土化、彰显时代性、相对稳定性、动力外生性和脑体分离性的特征。反思我国劳动教育百年变迁,教育方针规定着劳动教育的功能定位和发展方向,对"教育必须与生产劳动相结合"的不同理解影响着教育方针的内容构成和贯彻实施,满足社会需要和促进个体发展推动着劳动教育的变迁。未来劳动教育的发展应坚持个人发展与社会服务的统一、因地制宜与统一方向的结合、劳动教学与劳动实践的互促。

In the past 100 years since the founding of the Communist Party of China,labor education has gone through the guidance of new democratic education policy,new China socialist education policy,new period socialist education policy with Chinese characteristics and new era socialist education policy,reflecting the characteristics of localization,times,relative stability,exogenous power and"brain-body"separation.Reflecting on the evolution of China’s labor education,the educational policy stipulates the functional orientation and development direction of labor education.The different understanding of"education must be combined with productive labor"affects the content composition and implementation of the educational policy,meets social needs and promotes individual development promotes the change of labor education.The future development of labor education should adhere to the unity of personal development and social service,the combination of local conditions and unified direction,and the mutual promotion of labor teaching and labor practice.