作为“平台”的党报——延安时期“全党办报”的概念生成与运作机制

Party Newspaper as the“Platform”:The Concept and Mechanism of“Running Newspapers with all Party Members Involved”during the Yan’an Period

论文重新考证了“全党办报”这一中国特色新闻学关键概念的提出与早期运用情形,指出该概念表述在1944年《本报创刊一千期》发表前的半年间,已经成为《解放日报》的一个常用语汇,同时在陕甘宁边区党政系统中广为流行。考察新整理的材料发现,“全党办报”的核心要旨是使党报真正成为“集体的组织者”,运作机制是党报的“平台化”,即报纸扮演党政系统交流工作经验的建制化“平台”角色,起到组织和推动实际工作的作用。“全党办报”兴起的深层动因在于党的领导方法和工作机制的革新,在延安时期形成的独特政治文化和制度条件下,政党开掘和利用媒介技术的潜在功能,将报纸改造成一种常规化的组织技术,由此带来新闻实践的深刻变化。

This paper re-examines the formulation and early application of the concept“running newspapers with all party members involved”,pointing out that the concept had already become a common phrase on the Jiefang Daily in the half year before the publication of“One Thousand Issues of Our Newspaper”in 1944,and was also widely popular in the party and government system of the Shanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Region.An examination of the newly compiled materials reveals that the objective of“running newspapers with all party members involved”was to make the party newspapers a“collective organizer”,and the operational mechanism was the“platformization”of the party newspapers,which played the role of an institutionalized“platform”for the party and government system to exchange work experiences,with the purpose of guiding and promoting practical work.Under the unique political culture and institutional condition formed during the Yan’an period,the political party explored and exploited the potential functions of media technology and transformed newspapers into a conventional organizational technology,thus bringing about profound changes in journalistic practice.