新闻理论视野中当代中国新闻学的“问题体系”

The“Problem System”of Contemporary Chinese Journalism from the Perspective of Journalism Theory

知识生产的关键是从客观对象中发现问题、回答问题、阐释问题,知识体系建构的核心在于,对关于对象的成体系的问题做出成体系的科学回答和阐释。能否把新闻活动领域的客观问题特别是当今新闻活动领域整体性的客观变化转化为真实的、高质量的“学术问题”,直接决定着我们能否建构出高质量的当代中国新闻学“问题体系”,也自然决定着能否建构起高质量的自主知识体系。本文在既有研究成果基础上提出,“人与新闻的关系问题”是新闻学的总问题。总问题分为两大领域问题:新闻领域问题和新闻与社会的关系领域(新闻关系)问题。新闻领域问题可分为两大范围问题体系:新闻本体论问题体系,新闻业态论问题体系。新闻关系领域问题也可分为两大范围问题体系:新闻与社会整体发展的关系问题体系,新闻与日常生活的关系问题体系。如此,当代中国新闻学在自主知识体系建构中,就可以依据新的实际变化与发展趋势从“四大问题体系”着手去建构。

The key to knowledge production is to find,answer and explain questions from objective objects.The core of knowledge system construction is to study and explain objects systematically and scientifically.It is vital for constructing a high-quality“problem system”of contemporary Chinese journalism and a high-quality independent knowledge system that we can transform the objective problems in the field of news activities,especially the overall objective changes in the field of news activities,into real and high-quality“academic problems”directly.It is found that“the relationship between people and news”is the general problem of journalism.The general issues are divided into two major areas:the field of news and the field of the relationship between news and society(news relations).The problems in the field of journalism can be divided into two problem systems:the problem system of news ontology and the problem system of news format.The problems in the field of news relations can also be divided into two systems:the system of the relationship between news and the overall development of society,and the system of the relationship between news and daily life.Therefore,“four major issues system”,which is rooted in the new actual changes and development trends,is the gate to constructing the independent knowledge system of contemporary Chinese journalism.