中老年人对虚假短视频的识别判断路径分析

Analyzing the Approaches of Fake Short-video Information Identification among Middle-aged and Elderly People

短视频平台正在迅速发展,作为“数字移民”的中老年群体在这一新兴媒介上的使用日益活跃,其媒介素养和信息识别判断能力成为备受关注的话题。本研究对19名中老年人进行了短视频观看和信息判断的干预研究,针对中老年人在干预过程中的判断逻辑和日常短视频观看中的辨别方式进行深度访谈,运用结构化扎根分析法,构建了包含“系统性路径”“边缘性路径”和“社交路径”三条路径在内的中老年人短视频信息识别和判断机制模型。研究刻画和深描了在信息识别领域里中老年人表现出的三类不同画像:情绪主导者、经验依赖者、综合分析者,并尝试对中老年人媒介素养提升策略提出建议,对内容生产的治理责任进行关注。

With short-video platforms rapidly developing,middle-aged and elderly people,the socalled“digital immigrants”,are increasingly engaging in short-video apps.The low media literacy among this group has aroused great concerns.This study interviewed 19 middle-aged and elderly people by asking them to identify the fake information on several short videos.Through in-depth interviews,we obtained the participants’analyzing logic and their identifying approaches.Applying the Grounded Theory,we constructed a model explaining their approaches of identifying information on short videos,including systematic route,peripheral route and social route.This paper also portrays three different types of profiles of the middle-aged and elderly people in the field of information identification of short videos:emotionally dominant ones,experience-dependent ones and integrative analysts.In the end,this study attempts to offer specific strategies to guide middle-aged and elderly people to avoid information pitfalls and also mentions the governance responsibility of content production.