超越经学:20世纪前半叶的铜器研究

The Relationship Between Ancient Bronze Research and Confucianism and Overseas Collection in the First Half of the 20th Century

20世纪初叶,随着古史研究的砺新,加之考古学的引入,青铜器研究从传统金石氛围中突破,增加古器物学的成分,对传统儒学经传之学既又超越又有补充。同时,受当时环境影响,铜器流传也较为多元,清廷收藏的易迁、考古发现的传藏、海外藏家的介入,使得铜器研究从金石谱录中脱颖而出,也对“三礼”为代表的礼学有所促进。中国铜器还补充了海外收藏名录,激发了当时的艺术史研究。从青铜觥研究切入,回顾青铜器研究史、收藏史,可见当时历史背景、收藏环境、学者个人等多因素对青铜器研究的塑造。

Abstract:In the early 20th century,with the innovation of ancient history research and the Pioneer of archaeology,ancient bronze research broke through the traditional background of Jin shi(金石),increased the composition of antiquarianism,and supplemented the classics text of traditional Confucianism.Meanwhile,influenced by the environment at historical and political current,the bronze study ware was more diversified.The Laxity of the Qing royal's collection,the crafts from archaeological discoveries,and the intervention of overseas collectors made the study of bronze ware stand out from the Jin shi xue(金石学),and also promoted the ritual study represented by the“San Li”(“三礼”).Chinese ancient bronzes also supplemented the catalogue of overseas collections,which stimulated the study of art history at that time.Starting from the research of Gong(觥)-the bronze vessels,this paper reviews the research and collection history of Chinese ancient bronze,and discusses the shaping of bronze research by many factors such as historical background,collection environment and individual scholars'effect.