经典阐释的内在制约:经典体系逻辑结构——以《尚书》为例

The Inherent Constraints in Confucian Interpretation:The Logical Structure of Confucian System:Taking Shangshu for Example

经典阐释研究是考察经学发展史的基本途径。经典阐释的研究,不仅要关注名物训解、思想体系、阐释方法等,还应该关注经典阐释背后,贯穿于整个阐释过程、左右着阐释目的和方向的事物。即研究经典阐释,不但要研究经学家们做了什么,更应该考察他们如何在做的问题。对于经典阐释研究而言,文本厘定、权威释解和解读方式是三个基本而重要的考察维度。通过对这三个方面的考察,可以看出:传统的经典阐释从文本厘定到经文释义,再到解读方式,都被经典体系内在的逻辑结构“从上到下”地支配着。因此,经典阐释研究,应该有一个更高的视角:从经典体系的逻辑结构入手,以整体联系的眼光看待单部经典阐释的问题,避免将单部经典从整个经典体系割裂开来,以便更加深入地洞察经学阐释的思想本质。

To study the interpretation of Confucian works,internal logic instead of the thoughts of the scholars should be paid more attention.For the study of Confucian interpretation,textual structure,authoritative interpretation,and interpretation methods are considered to be the three basic and important aspects.Through the examination of these three aspects,it can be seen that the Confucian interpretation,from the determination of the text to the interpretation,and then to the way of interpretation,is governed by the inherent logical structure in the classical system“from top to bottom”.Therefore,the study of Confucian interpretation should have a higher perspective:starting from the logical structure of the classical system,figuring out the problem of the interpretation of a single classic from the perspective of overall connection,and avoiding the separation of a single classical work from the entire system,aiming at a deeper insight into the ideological essence of Confucian interpretation.