山东口岸鼠类及其携带病原体调查

Investigation on rodents and pathogens of Shandong ports

目的明确山东口岸送检的鼠类种类以及携带病原体情况。方法以2016年1月—2019年8月董家口、青岛机场和威海等山东口岸送检的鼠类为研究对象,对鼠类进行形态学鉴定,用实时荧光PCR或RT-PCR法检测汉坦病毒、鼠疫杆菌、嗜吞噬细胞无形体和伯氏疏螺旋体核酸。结果 2016年1月—2019年8月共接收山东14个口岸送检鼠类5种260只,褐家鼠、小家鼠、黑线姬鼠、小麝鼩和黑家鼠分别为137、73、46、3和1只;在8只褐家鼠、4只小家鼠、7只黑线姬鼠和1只小麝鼩的肺组织样本中检测到汉坦病毒核酸,在1只小家鼠和1只黑线姬鼠的肺组织样本中检测到伯氏疏螺旋体核酸,5种鼠类的病原体携带率分别为5.84%、6.85%、17.4%、33.3%和0。结论褐家鼠和小家鼠是山东口岸送检较多的鼠类,携带病原体的鼠类主要是褐家鼠和黑线姬鼠,应加强山东口岸褐家鼠、小家鼠和黑线姬鼠及其携带病原体的监测和防控。

Objective To clarify the species of rodents and carrying pathogens in Shandong port. Methods From January 2016 to August 2019,the rodents were collected at Dongjiakou,Qingdao airport,Weihai and other ports in Shandong province. The nucleic acid of Hantavirus,Yersinia pestis,Anaplasma phagocytophilum and Borrelia burgdorferi were detected by Real-time PCR or RT-PCR. Results From January 2016 to August 2019,a total of260 rodents belonging to 5 species from 14 ports in Shandong province were received. The number of Rattus norvegicus,Mus musculus,Apodemus agrarius,Crocidura suaveolens and Rattus rattus was 137,73,46,3 and 1. Hantavirus nucleic acid was detected positive from lung tissue samples of 8 Rattus norvegicus,4 Mus musculus,7 Apodemus agrarius and 1 Crocidura suaveolens. Borrelia burgdorferi nucleic acid was detected from 1 Mus musculus and 1 Apodemus agrarius. The carrying rate of 5 species of rodent was 5.84%,6.85%,17.4%,33.3% and 0. Conclusion Rattus norvegicus and Mus musculus were the most common rodents at Shandong ports. The pathogens carrying rate was higher in Rattus norvegicus and Apodemus agrarius. These data indicated that it is necessary to enhance the surveillance and control of Rattus norvegicus,Mus musculus,Apodemus agrarius,and carrying pathogens at Shandong ports.