俄油气工业面临严峻考验——2022年俄罗斯油气工业综述

A severe challenge for Russia’s oil and gas industry——Review of Russia’s oil and gas industry in 2022

2022年,在欧美制裁下,俄罗斯油气工业面临严峻考验。原油产量为5.35亿吨,比上年增长2.1%;原油一次加工量为2.72亿吨,比上年减少4.6%;原油出口量为2.42亿吨,比上年增加7.6%。天然气产量为6738亿立方米,比上年下降11.6%,天然气出口量大幅下降25.1%。随着欧美制裁的不断加码,俄政府减少了对欧洲的能源供应,大幅增加向亚太地区出口的油气量,加快LNG项目发展,并开始筹建新的天然气出口基础设施。2023年,受禁运和限价影响,预计俄油气产量均将出现下滑,油气收入也会减少。欧洲加快能源转型步伐,摆脱对俄罗斯能源依赖,也将对俄油气工业产生深远影响。

In 2022,Russia’s oil and gas industry faces a severe challenge under European and U.S.sanctions.Crude oil production was 535 million tons,up 2.1%from the previous year,crude oil primary processing was 272 million tons,down 4.6%from the previous year,crude oil exports were 242 million tons,up 7.6%from the previous year.Natural gas production was 673.8 billion cubic meters,down 11.6%from the previous year and its exports fell sharply by 25.1%.With the increasing sanctions from Europe and U.S.,the Russian government has reduced energy supplies to Europe,significantly increased the volume of oil and gas exports to the Asia-Pacific region,accelerated the development of the LNG project,and began to plan for the construction of new natural gas export infrastructure.In 2023,Russian oil and gas production is expected to decline due to the impact of the embargo and the price cap,as well as oil and gas revenues.Europe’s accelerating its energy transition away from dependence on Russian energy will also have a profound impact on Russia’s oil and gas industry.