2018—2022年中国油气进出口状况分析

Analysis of China’s oil and gas imports and exports from 2018 to 2022

2018—2022年中国原油、天然气对外依存度分别稳定在70%和40%左右的水平。2018年中国原油进口量为4.62亿吨,2019年首次超过5亿吨,2020年达到历史最高点5.42亿吨。由于国内需求下降、国际油价上涨和进口配额调整等原因,2021、2022年中国原油实际进口量略有下降,分别为5.13亿吨和5.08亿吨。2018—2021年中国LNG进口量出现波动性上升趋势,从741.16亿立方米增长至1087.29亿立方米,增长达46.05%,2022年LNG进口量下降19.47%,降至875.50亿立方米。2022年中国油气进口总额高达2.9万亿元,同比上涨43%,油气进口成本大幅上升。预计2023年随着经济复苏,中国油气消费量与进口量将进一步增长。

China’s foreign dependence on crude oil and natural gas stabilizes at about 70%and 40%respectively,from 2018 to 2022.China’s crude oil imports reached 462 million tons in 2018,surpassing 500 million tons for the first time in 2019,and got to a record high of 542 million tons in 2020.However,due to declining domestic demand,rising international oil prices and import quota adjustments,China’s current crude oil imports declined slightly to 513 million tons and 508 million tons in 2021 and 2022 respectively.2018-2021 saw a volatile upward trend in China’s LNG imports,increasing from 74.116 billion cubic meters to 108.729 billion cubic meters,an increase of 46.05%year-to-year,but LNG imports fell by 19.47%to 87.550 billion cubic meters in 2022.China’s total oil and gas imports reached 2.9 trillion yuan in 2022,up 43%year-to-year,with a significant increase in oil and gas import costs.China’s oil and gas consumption and imports are expected to grow further in 2023 as the economy recovers.