油气体制改革深入推进 “双碳”目标推动行业低碳发展——2020年中国油气政策综述

Review of China’s oil and gas policies in 2020

2020年,我国坚定不移地推进油气全产业链开放,主要包括进一步推进页岩气探矿权出让、加强油气管网公平开放监管、明确具备竞争条件省份的天然气门站价格将由市场形成、再次赋予民营炼化企业成品油出口资质等,促进上游资源多主体多渠道供应、中游统一管网高效集输、下游销售充分竞争的油气市场体系基本形成。同时,围绕"2030年实现碳达峰、2060年实现碳中和"等目标,相继出台了包括支持非常规天然气开发利用在内的清洁能源生产利用政策和《碳排放权交易管理办法(试行)》等,以加快构建绿色节能环保治理体系,推动能源清洁低碳转型。未来5年,我国油气体制改革将聚焦矿权、进出口、天然气价格、储备等重要领域,按照"管住中间,放开两头"的基本思路继续推进。在"双碳"目标的约束下,国家将继续围绕减排和清洁生产出台一系列政策措施,油气行业在加大天然气勘探开发力度的同时,还将加速清洁低碳转型步伐,并通过技术创新、管理创新实现生产过程的减碳及脱碳,助推"双碳"目标的实现。

China firmly promoted the opening-up of the entire oil and gas industry chain in 2020,mainly including further promoting the transfer of shale gas exploration rights,strengthening fair and open oversight of oil and gas pipeline networks,defining the rule that gate station price of natural gas in the provinces with competitive conditions would be formed by the market,granting the qualification of exporting refined oil products for private refinery and chemical enterprises again to promote the basic formation of a market system for oil and gas with multiple entities and channels supply in upstream,efficient gathering and transportation of the unified pipe network in middle-stream,and full competition in downstream sales.Meanwhile,to achieve the goals of"achieving carbon emission peak by 2030 and carbon neutral by 2060",it has introduced policies on the production and utilization of clean energy including support for the development and utilization of unconventional natural gas,and the Measures for the Administration of Carbon Emissions Trading(Trial),to speed up the construction of a green,energy saving and environmental protection governance system and promote the transformation of clean and low-carbon energy.In the next five years,China’s oil and gas system reform will focus on mining rights,import and export,natural gas prices,and reserves in accordance with the"control the middle,let go of both ends"of the basic train of thought continue to advance.Under the constraints of goals of carbon emission peak and carbon neutral,China will continue to introduce a series of policy measures around emission reduction and cleaner production.Oil and gas industry would step up its exploration and development efforts and also accelerate the transformation to a cleaner and lower carbon environment,facilitate reducing and decarbonizing production processes through technological and management innovation to achieve the goals.