疫情促变局 转型谋发展——2020年国内外油气行业发展概述及2021年展望

Overview of the domestic and foreign oil and gas industry development in 2020 and outlook for 2021

2020年是极不平凡的一年,受新冠肺炎疫情大暴发等影响,世界经济深陷衰退,全球一次能源消费量同比下降约4.5%,其中化石能源消费量下降5.9%。世界石油市场受到巨大冲击,石油供需降幅和库存创历史之最,国际油价首现负值;天然气市场量价齐跌,项目投资和贸易均受冲击;油气发现储量大幅减少,勘探开发投资大幅下降;炼油、乙烯产能增速明显放缓,主要运行指标远逊于上年;油气资产交易量额均减,美国页岩行业开启整合潮;国际石油公司经营业绩大幅下滑,欧美公司加快谋划能源个性化转型。中国油气行业面对疫情和低油价双重冲击,抗疫保供、复工复产、提质增效、增储上产,实现扭亏为盈,同时进一步推进数字化、智能化建设,改造传统产业,创新发展成效显著。展望2021年,世界经济将进入缓慢复苏阶段,世界油气市场有望逐步回暖;中国油气行业将继续深化改革、扩大开放,加快转型升级,构建以国内为主的"双循环"发展格局。

As the extraordinary year of 2020,affected by the sudden outbreak of COVID-19,the world economy is in deep recession,global primary energy consumption has dropped by about 4.5%year-on-year,of which fossil energy consumption has declined by 5.9%year-on-year,and only new energy has grown against the downwards market.The world oil market has been greatly impacted,with the decline in oil supply&demand and the highest inventories in history,which lead the negative international oil price for the first time.Both volume and price of natural gas market have decreased and project investment and trade have been affected.The discovered reserves of oil and gas have been greatly reduced and the investment in exploration and development has fallen sharply.The growth rate of oil refining and ethylene production capacity has slowed down significantly,and the main operating indicators are far inferior to the previous year.The transaction volume of oil and gas assets has both decreased,and the US shale industry has started in a wave of restructuring.The operating performance of international oil companies has fallen sharply and European and American companies have accelerated energy transformation.Confronted with the dual impacts of the pandemic and the low oil price,China’s oil and gas industry has fought the pandemic to ensure supply,resume work and production,improve quality and efficiency,increase reserves and production,and turn losses into profits.At the same time,it promotes digital and intelligence construction,transforms traditional industries,and takes innovation.Looking forward to 2021,the world economy may be in a slow recovery stage and the world oil and gas market is expected to gradually pick up.China’s oil and gas industry will continue to deepen reforms,expand opening up,and accelerate transformation and upgrading and the establishment of a"dual circulation"development pattern with domestic development as the main focus.