政府采购本土化壁垒与我国企业出口产品定价:基于与关税壁垒作用的比较分析

Government Procurement Localization and the Pricing of Export Products of China: A Comparative Analysis with Tariff

基于中国海关统计数据库、中国工业企业数据库和全球贸易壁垒数据库数据,本文从企业—产品层面研究了2008年金融危机以来美国采取的适用于我国出口产品的政府采购本土化壁垒对我国企业出口产品定价的影响,重点将该作用与关税壁垒的相应作用进行了比较分析。研究结果表明:政府采购本土化壁垒会引致我国向该壁垒实施国出口产品价格的上升;多产品出口企业、出口目的地多的产品在遭受政府采购本土化壁垒后,其价格上升得更多,在遭受关税壁垒后则价格下降得更多;高技术产品在遭受政府采购本土化壁垒后,出口价格上升得更多,在遭受关税壁垒后,出口价格下降得更少。

Based on the Chinese customs database,firm-level surveys of manufacturing enterprises conducted by China’s National Bureau of Statistics and the global trade alert database,this paper explored the impact of government procurement localization on the pricing of Chinese exporters’products since the sub-debt crisis,especially comparing the corresponding role with tariff.The main conclusions are as follows.Firstly,government procurement localization leads to an increase in the price of products to the barrier-implementing country.Secondly,for multi-product export firms and products with more export destinations,the prices response more positive to the government procurement localization but more negative to the tariff.Thirdly,high-tech products enhance the positive effects of government procurement localization and weaken the negative effects of tariffs on export prices.