微观企业出口参与行为研究:出口临界生产率的视角

A Study on Firms’ Export Participation:The Perspective of Export Cutoff Productivity

基于2000—2006年的中国工业企业数据和海关产品层面交易数据,本文重点考察了出口临界生产率对企业出口参与的影响作用。研究结果表明:随着出口临界生产率的提高,企业出口参与的意愿将显著下降;出口门槛每提高1个百分点,将导致企业的出口进入概率平均下降0.0068。进一步地,本文发现出口门槛主要通过出口的广延边际影响企业的出口行为,而对出口的集约边际并没有显著性影响。另外,与Melitz(2003)的预期相反,出口门槛对企业出口进入与退出决策的影响并不具有显著的对称性,即出口门槛主要影响企业的出口进入,而对企业的出口退出并无显著性影响。

Using China’s transaction-level trade data and firm-level production data during 2000—2006,this paper focused on the impact of export cutoff productivity on firms’export participation.The result shows that with the rise of export cutoff productivity,the willingness of firms’participating in export will decline significantly.The multiple robustness tests including instrumental variable estimation all support this conclusion.In addition,the calculation of average marginal effect shows that every 1%increase in export threshold will lead to an average decline of 0.0068 in the probability of firms’export entry.Furthermore,this paper finds that the export threshold mainly affects the extensive margin of firms’export,but has no significant effect on intensive margin.In addition,contrary to Melitz’s(2003)expectation,the export threshold has no significant symmetric effect on firms’export entry and exit decisions.It mainly influences the export entry of firms,but has no significant impact on the export exit.