新疆巴尔鲁克山国家级自然保护区苔藓植物群落生态类型和组成

Ecological types and composition of bryophyte communities in the Barluk Mountain National Nature Reserve, Xinjiang

对巴尔鲁克山国家级自然保护区苔藓植物进行了野外样方调查、标本采集、物种鉴定和生态学统计分析,现已知巴尔鲁克山苔藓植物有49科107属307种(包含种下分类单位),其中苔类12科13属20种,藓类37科94属287种。不同苔藓植物物种对生境要求的差异形成了不同的生态群落,该保护区苔藓植物群落可分为水生群落、石生群落、土生群落和木生群落4种生态类型,其中石生群落的生物多样性最高,其次是土生群落和木生群落,水生群落生物多样性最低。不同苔藓植物群落在不同海拔高度上的分布存在一定差异,物种丰富度随海拔变化呈单峰曲线分布格局。

Based on field investigation,specimen collection and identification,and ecological analysis on bryophytes in the Barluk Mountain National Nature Reserve,307 species(including subspecies and varieties),107 genera and 49 families of bryophytes in the Barluk Mountain are found,including 20 species,13 genera and 12 families of liverworts,287 species,94 genera and 37 families of mosses.Comprehensive analysis of growth substrate and moisture of bryophyte habitat shows that the bryophyte communities can be classified into four types:hydrophytia,petrophytia,geophytia and epixylophytia.The species diversity of petrophytia community is the highest,followed by geophytia and epixylophytia,and that of hydrophytia is the lowest in the Barluk Mountain.The number of community and species increases firstly and then decreases with altitude.