水库汇流区农户水源涵养林保护行为研究——基于VBN和ABC整合模型

Study on farmers’ protection behavior of water conservation forest in reservoir confluence area based on VBN and ABC integrated model

随着社会经济发展,城市水资源短缺问题日渐突显,主要表现为水量供给不足和水质安全风险。引导汇流区农户实施水源涵养林保护行为,是水源保护和流域治理的基本思路。构建价值-信念-规范理论和态度-情境-行为理论整合模型,利用黑河水库汇流区708户农户微观数据,使用结构方程模型探究汇流区农户水源涵养林保护行为的影响因素。研究表明:1)农户的环境信念是基于行为价值和成本的权衡。环境信念影响结果意识,结果意识通过责任归属激活个人规范,个人规范直接正向影响农户的水源涵养林保护行为。2)行为态度、制度规范和社会规范,对农户水源涵养林保护行为均有显著的积极影响,行为态度的影响最大。制度规范因其权威性和强制性,除直接影响保护行为外,还会对社会规范产生积极影响。3)环境信念和社会规范是价值-信念-规范理论和态度-情境-行为理论的交互。环境信念,在通过问题意识和责任归属激活个人规范的同时,还会正向影响农户的行为态度;社会规范,在直接影响农户保护行为的同时,对激活保护行为的个人规范也有积极作用。两个理论结合的整合模型,相较单一模型解释力更强。

With the growth of the economy,water shortage becomes increasingly prominent.This is mainly reflected in two issues:shortage of water supply and risk of water quality.Guiding farmers to protect the water conservation forest is the basic idea for water source protection and watershed management.In this paper,we construct the integration model of value-belief-norm theory and attitude-context-behavior theory,use the structural equation model to explore the factors influencing farmers’water conservation forest protection behavior based on the micro data of 708 farmers in the confluence area of Heihe reservoir.The research shows that:1)Farmers’environmental belief is based on the trade-off between the value and cost of protection behavior.Environmental belief affects result consciousness,which activates individual norm through responsibility attribution,and individual norm positively affects farmers‘water conservation forest protection behavior.2)Behavior attitude,institutional norm and social norm significantly positively affect farmers’water conservation forest protection behavior.Among them,attitude has the greatest impact.Because of its authority and compulsion,institutional norm not only directly affects the protection behavior,but also positively affects the social norm.3)Environmental belief and social norm are the interactive parts of value-belief-norm theory and attitude-context-behavior theory.While environmental belief activates individual norm through result consciousness and responsibility attribution,it will also positively affect farmers’behavior attitude.While social norm directly affect farmers’protection behavior,it also plays a positive role in activating individual norm of protection behavior.The integration model of the two theories is more explanatory than the single model.