农户绿色生产托管服务需求研究——基于山东省小麦种植户的调查

Farmers’ demand for agricultural green production trusteeship:Evidence from the investigation of wheat growers in Shandong province

为促进绿色生产托管服务供需对接、提升托管服务效率,从组织形式、服务模式、服务内容、盈余分配和托管服务价格等方面设计了绿色生产托管服务方案,并利用山东省小麦种植户数据和选择实验等方法考察了农户对托管服务的需求偏好及其异质性。结果表明:1)农户整体偏好含有村集体介入的托管组织形式,托管需求主要集中在机械和农资环节,更青睐于保底收益的盈余分配模式。2)生产禀赋是农户服务需求异质性的主要来源,劳动力数量与生产规模决定了农户更加关注生产托管的服务形式还是服务内容。3)从服务模式来看,劳动力充足或老龄化农户偏好“菜单式”托管,而规模户或高兼业农户更加偏好“保姆式”托管。为此,优化农业绿色生产托管服务应充分考虑小农户的异质化需求,实现托管服务的多样化。

In order to promote the connection between supply and demand of green production trusteeship services and improve the efficiency of trusteeship services,the green production trusteeship service contract was designed from the aspects of organization form,service mode,service content,surplus distribution,and trusteeship service price to integrate the demands of small farmers for production trusteeship and clarify the heterogeneity in trusteeship demands.Using data from wheat growers in Shandong province and the choice experiments approach,the demand preference and heterogeneity of farmers for trusteeship services were explored.The results showed that:1)Farmers generally preferred trusteeship organization with village collective intervention.The need for trusteeship services was mostly concentrated in machinery and agricultural goods with a surplus distribution mode of guaranteed income.2)The main cause of heterogeneity in farmer demand was production endowment.Whether farmers pay more attention to the form or the content of trusteeship services depended upon the number of laborers and production scale.3)"Partial trusteeship"service mode was favored by farmers with a big labor force or older farmers,while"complete trusteeship"service mode was preferred by large-scale or high part-time farmers.As a result,in order to improve agricultural green production trusteeship services,the government should pay greater attention to the diverse requests of farmers and provide diversified production trusteeship services.