深度贫困地区多维贫困测度与时空分异特征——来自新疆南疆四地州的证据

Multidimensional poverty measurement and spatial-temporal differentiation characteristics in the poverty-stricken areas——Evidence from the four regions in southern Xinjiang

文中基于资本积累抑贫性这一视角,通过农业产业资本、非农产业资本、潜在脱贫资本、家庭抗风险冲击资本和政府抗风险冲击资本五个维度,探讨了新疆南疆四地州33个县市的多维贫困程度及时空分异特征。研究发现,随着脱贫攻坚工作地稳步推进,新疆南疆四地州多维贫困程度明显减缓,多维贫困重心开始向塔里木盆地南缘偏移,在空间上呈现出"北轻南重"的分异格局。时间层面上,新疆南疆四地州多维贫困的分异特征为"多、快、缓"的变迁趋势,即轻度多维贫困县市的数量增多,中度多维贫困程度的减缓速度最快,而重度多维贫困虽保持减缓趋势,但该趋势已逐渐放缓。多维指标减贫效果方面,潜在脱贫资本、家庭抗击风险冲击的资本和政府抗击风险冲击的资本三个维度的减贫效果最显著,而非农产业资本对多维贫困的减缓效应不够明显,是该地区减贫举措中需要强化的重点环节。

Based on the perspective of capital accumulation and poverty alleviation, we explored the multidimensional poverty level and spatio-temporal differentiation characteristics of the 33 counties and cities in the state in four regions of southern Xinjiang through five dimensions: agricultural industrial capital, non-agricultural capital, the capital of potential poverty-reduction, family anti-risk capital and government anti-risk capital. It was found that with the steady advancement of poverty alleviation, the multidimensional poverty level of the four southern states has been reduced significantly, and the multidimensional poverty center of gravity began to shift to the southern margin of the Tarim Basin, presenting a spatially different pattern of "light in north and heavy in south". In the time dimension, the number of light multidimensional poverty counties and cities increased, and the moderate multidimensional poverty level was reduced fastest, while the heavy multidimensional poverty still maintained a reducing trend. In terms of multidimensional indicators for poverty reduction, the three dimensions of potential poverty-reduction capital, family anti-risk capital and government′s resistance to shocks were the most significant. But the effect of non-agricultural capital on multidimensional poverty was not obvious. These key areas need to be strengthened in regional poverty reduction.