西安典型旅游村落的景观特质——以上王村和家佛堂村为例的网络结构分析

Landscape characteristics of villages in Xi’an by analysis of the network structure

清晰梳理乡村旅游成功案例的外显特征及内在逻辑是旅游扶贫的客观要求,也是避免盲目旅游开发的有效手段。文中以西安上王村和家佛堂村为研究对象,采用社会网络分析与行动者网络分析相结合的研究方法,呈现了两个案例地的景观特质网络结构差异与行动者行为逻辑。结果表明:上王村的乡村旅游转型注重整体水平提高,而家佛堂村更重视特色打造。上王村景观特质网络结构紧密,高中心度特质多样,景观特质"权力"结构也较为均衡;而家佛堂村景观结构整体相对松散,高中心度点中文化性较为突出,景观特质"权力"结构单极化明显。行动者网络分析来看,两个案例均属于村民自组织形式,家佛堂村行动者数量较少,行动较为单一也相对高效,而上王村行动者网络构建有外部企业参与,其网络中权力关系与利益博弈更为复杂,行动逻辑相对稳健。

Taking two villages as the research sites and by using social network analysis and actor network analysis,this paper presents that Shangwang village focuses on improving the overall level,while Jiafotang village pays more attention to the specific characteristics.The density of Shangwang village landscape character network is tight.There are more high centrality characters in the network.However,the overall density of Jiafotang village’network is loose,and"culture"is prominent.As for the second study,both cases are in self-organizing form.There are external enterprises participating in Shangwang village tourism development.The relations are more complicated.Without an enterprise,the number of actors in Jiafotang village is relatively small and the actions are relatively efficient.