民勤石羊河国家湿地公园鸟类多样性调查及分析

Investigation and analysis of bird diversity in Shiyanghe national wetland park, Minqin

甘肃民勤石羊河国家级湿地公园位于河西走廊东北部,石羊河流域下游,是以维护湿地生物多样性和保护鸟类资源为主的国家级湿地公园,2017年7月至2018年7月,采用样线法和样点法对该地区的鸟类多样性进行了调查。共记录鸟类16目39科101种,其中留鸟43种(42.6%)、夏候鸟40种(39.6%)、冬候鸟14种(13.9%)、旅鸟4种(3.9%)。有国家重点保护鸟类16种。区系以广布种为主,占鸟类种数的80.2%。运用G-F指数及Shannon-Wiener指数对4个功能区生境鸟类多样性进行了分析,从而得出鸟类群落在不同生境下的物种多样性差异及栖息状况。文中还分析了影响湿地公园鸟类栖息地选择主要与湿地生境植被类型、水体含盐量及水文等非生物因素和人为干扰因素有关。

Shiyang river national wetland park,located in the northeast of Hexi corridor and the lower reaches of Shiyang river basin,is a national wetland park focusing on the conservation of wetland biodiversity and bird resources.From July 2017 to July 2018,the sampling line method and sampling point method were used to investigate the bird diversity in the region.A total of 101 species of birds in 39 families,16 orders,were recorded,including 43 resident birds(42.6%),40 summer migratory birds(39.6%),14 winter migratory birds(13.9%)and 4 passage migratory birds(3.9%).There are 16 species of birds under special state protection.The floras are mainly widely distributed species,accounting for 80.2%of bird species.The G-F index and Shannon-Wiener index were used to analyze the habitat bird diversity in four functional areas,so as to get the species diversity difference and habitat status of bird communities in different habitats.The factors influencing the wetland park birds habitat selection are vegetation types of wetland habitat,water salinity,hydrology and other abiotic factors and human disturbance factors.