全国高校食堂堂食浪费概况及其外卖碳足迹研究——基于30省(市)30所高校的9660份问卷调查

A survey of canteen food waste and its carbon footprint in universities national wide

高校食堂的食物浪费及其对资源环境的破坏已经受到了广泛的关注。通过对全国30省30所高校的实地调研,基于9660份调查问卷,研究发现在校生人均每餐的食物浪费量为67.55g,浪费率为14.54%,蔬菜、米制品和豆制品的浪费率最高,占比分别为16.79%、14.54%和13.25%,而面食、米制品和蔬菜的浪费量最高,分别为43.03g、33.99g和31.07g;在此基础之上,对全国层面的高校食堂食物浪费规模进行了估算,估算结果显示全国在校生人均每年食物浪费量在36.11-37.15kg,而全国在校生每年的食物浪费总量规模在133.62-137.73万吨之间。同时,利用生命周期理论,对高校学生食堂的打包餐盒的碳足迹进行计算。发现排骨套餐的碳排放量为1.6758KgCO2eq/kg,其中,原料制造阶段的碳足迹占比最高为82%,食材制作阶段与原料制造阶段的碳足迹占比分别为11%和6%;包装处理阶段的碳足迹占比最低,仅为1%。可见,高校餐饮食物消费的碳足迹较高,有必要在节能减碳方面作出更多的努力。

The waste of food in college canteens and its damage to resources and environment have been widely concerned.Through the field survey of 30 provinces 30 national universities,based on 9660 questionnaires,the study found that per capita food waste every meal of students was 67.55 g,the waste rate was 14.54%;waste rates of vegetables,rice products and bean products were the highest,accounting for 16.79%,14.54%and 13.25%,respectively,and waste amounts of pasta,rice product and vegetable were the highest,accounting for 43.03 g and 33.99 g and 31.07 g,respectively.On this basis,the scale of college canteen food waste was estimated at the national level.The estimated results show that the average annual food waste of college students was 36.11-37.15 kg,while the total annual food waste of college students was between 1.3362 and 1.3773 million tons.At the same time,the carbon footprint of the packed food box in college student canteen was calculated by using the life cycle theory.It was found that the carbon footprint of the ribs meal was 1.6758 KgCO2eq/kg,among which,the carbon footprint in the raw material manufacturing stage accounted for 82%,11%and 6%,respectively.The packaging stage had the lowest carbon footprint of 1%.It can be seen that college food consumption has a high carbon footprint,so it is necessary to make more efforts in energy conservation and carbon reduction.