艰难的自由:论《露莎》中的三种语言

Difficult Freedom: On Three Languages in “Rosa”

本文探寻了奥兹克小说《露莎》中三种语言所喻指的思维或想象模式:同一性思维、自由主义想象和塔木德想象。露莎的波兰语书信旨在冲破以英语为表征的符号同一性框架,回归自由主义原初想象所具有的自由丰满和无限潜能,以实现视角和判断的自治。无奈自由主义想象难以逃脱同一性话语机制。值得注意的是,意第绪语作为塔木德想象的转喻,始终以沉默的话语方式质询、消解、修正着文本的表述性言说,推动文本走向重建与无限他者的联结,自由主义想象的无限自由也在暗中被改写成塔木德想象的艰难自由——一种对"先于自由"以及"不自由"的赞同,而不自由正是对自由的超越。

This paper inquires into three modes of thinking or imagination embodied in three languages in Ozick’s novella"Rosa":Totalitarian thinking,Liberal imagination,and Talmudic imagination.Rosa attempts to break through in Polish letters the framework of totalistic thinking of the English language and return to the richness and potentiality of the primal imagination of Liberalism so as to achieve the autonomy of perception and judgment.Nevertheless,the Liberal imagination fails in escaping the discourse of the Same.It is worth noting that Yiddish,as a metonymy of Talmudic imagination,keeps interpellating,decreating and modifying in silence the text’s representation,in pursuit of an encounter with the infinite Other.The freedom of Liberal imagination is thus implicitly rewritten as difficult freedom—the consent to"prior to freedom"and"non-freedom,"which is a beyond-freedom.