贸易便利化、全球价值链嵌入与供应链效率——基于出口企业库存的视角

Trade Facilitation, Global Value Chains Embedding and Efficiency of Enterprise Supply Chains——Based on the Perspective of Export Enterprise Inventory

随着全球价值链成为国际生产的新范式,贸易便利化对于提升供应链效率,保障供应链安全的重要性日益凸显,本文采用中国工业企业层面的库存数据以及地级市层面的贸易便利化数据,以出口企业库存为切入点,系统探讨了贸易便利化、全球价值链嵌入与供应链效率之间的关系。研究发现:贸易便利化水平的改善显著降低了中国出口企业库存水平,提高了供应链效率。贸易便利化降低企业库存、提升供应链效率的影响路径主要包括缩短企业采购的提前期和降低企业提前期的不确定性。出口企业从事一般贸易、所在行业技术含量越高,贸易便利化对出口企业库存的降低作用越显著。此外,相较于传统贸易企业,嵌入全球价值链的出口企业中间品跨境贸易次数增多,不确定性风险也会增加,因而与出入境时间和进出口成本密切相关的贸易便利化对嵌入全球价值链的出口企业库存削减作用更加显著,因此更有助于供应链效率的提升。本文通过深入研究贸易便利化对出口企业库存的影响机制,为全球价值链嵌入背景下提升产业链供应链现代化水平提供了有益的理论与实践支撑。

With global value chains becoming a new paradigm of international production,trade facilitation is becoming more and more important for improving the efficiency of supply chains and ensuring the safety of supply chains.Based on the inventory data of Chinese industrial enterprises and the trade facilitation data of prefecture level cities,this paper systematically discusses the relationship between trade facilitation,global value chains embedding and the efficiency of supply chains.The results show that:the improvement of trade facilitation significantly reduces the inventory level of Chinese export enterprises and improves the efficiency of supply chains.Trade facilitation can reduce inventory and improve supply chains efficiency by shortening the lead time and reducing the uncertainty of lead time.The higher the technology content of industry,the more significant the effect of trade facilitation on the reduction of export enterprises’inventory.In addition,compared with traditional trade enterprises,the number of cross-border trade of intermediate goods of export enterprises embedded in global value chains increases,and the uncertainty risk also increases.Therefore,trade facilitation closely related to entry-exit time and import and export cost has a more significant effect on inventory reduction of export enterprises embedded in global value chains,which is more conducive to the improvement of supply chains efficiency.In this paper,through the in-depth study of the impact mechanism of trade facilitation on the inventory of export enterprises,it provides a useful theoretical and practical support for improving the modernization level of industrial chains and supply chains under the background of global value chains embeddedness.