钦安殿的位置与所供真武神像考

The Location of the Hall of Imperial Peace and Deities Worshipped

根据文献记载,钦安殿建于元代,本文以此为基础,考证了钦安殿的位置和所供真武神像的时间。分析了保留钦安殿名及为何无钦安殿供奉玄天上帝御制碑文的原因,论证了朱棣起兵时的天象特征与玄武显灵的关系以及玄天上帝对紫禁城的格局所产生的影响。通过对现存遗存与文献的二重考证,对厘清元明之际宫城的变化,紫禁城轴线的东移,具有重要的学术价值。

Historical records indicates that the Hall of Imperial Peace(Qin’an dian)was constructed in the Yuan dynasty(1271-1368).Based on this evidence,this article studies the location of the building and the dating of the statue of the Great Emperor of the Perfect Martiality(Zhenwu dadi)worshiped inside.The reasons for keeping the name of the building,and for the absence of imperially commissioned stele on worship of the deity also known as Supreme Emperor of Dark Heaven(Xuantian shangdi)are explored.Astrological features at the time of the coup d’état staged by Zhu Di,later the Yongle Emperor(r.1403-1424)and its connection with the divine manifestation,and the impact of this divine worship on layout of the Forbidden City are explored.The studies of both historical remains and related literature boost the academic value of this research in that it sheds light on changes during dynastic transition and the eastward shift of the Forbidden City’s central axis.