故宫博物院藏广珐琅钟机芯机械结构及其原理

Movement Mechanism of the Guangzhou Enamel Clock in the Palace Museum Collection

广州造珐琅钟表是故宫博物院钟表文物中的一类重要藏品,它外观精美华丽,表演丰富多彩,内部结构严谨。在对这些钟表的外部特色进行研究的同时,也应对其内部结构原理做一探究,了解其背后所蕴含的机械史知识。在之前的研究中,故宫博物院王津先生对广州造LONDON机芯做了相应介绍、故宫博物院亓昊楠先生对广州珐琅钟表的修复过程进行了探讨、故宫博物院郭福祥先生、关雪玲女士分别对乾隆时期宫廷钟表品味做了深入探讨等。在这些研究的基础上,进一步地对广州珐琅钟表机芯的活计表演和其内部的机械结构原理进行讨论,有助于更加深入地了解这些文物的特点。

Enamel clocks made in Guangzhou are one of the most important timepiece collections in the Palace Museum,with exquisite exterior,rich variety of the performances,and rigorously casted interior structures.Inspection on the exterior characteristics needs to be matched by the exploration of its movement mechanism so as to understand the mechanic history behind those timepieces.In previous study,Wang Jin from the Palace Museum introduced the LONDON clock movement made in Guangzhou,and Qi Haonan explored in depth the conservation of those clocks.In the meantime,Guo Fuxiang and Guan Xueling studied in great detail the aesthetic taste as reflected by the court clock pieces made during the Qianlong reign.Based on these studies,the article further discusses the performance and inner movement mechanism.In this way,characteristics of those collections could be better understood in future.