2016—2020年黑龙江省急性弛缓性麻痹病例病原学监测分析

Pathogen surveillance of Acute Flaccid Paralysis cases in Heilongjiang Province from 2016 to 2020

目的了解黑龙江省急性弛缓性麻痹(acute flaccid paralysis,AFP)病例的流行病学特征及监测系统运转情况,为维持无脊髓灰质炎(以下简称脊灰)状态和制定防控措施提供依据。方法按照WHO《脊髓灰质炎病毒检验手册》(2004年第四版)中的方法,采用鼠肺细胞(mouse L cells expressing the human poliovirus receptor,L20B)和人横纹肌肉瘤细胞(rhabdomyosarcoma,RD)对AFP病例的粪便标本进行病毒分离。结果2016—2020年在426例AFP病例的924份标本中,分离出脊髓灰质炎病毒(polioviru,PV)2株,非PV 30株。2株PV经鉴定为疫苗相似株,未发现脊髓灰质炎野病毒和疫苗衍生脊灰病毒。采集外环境污水样本211份,分离出脊灰病毒疫苗株253株,分别为PV1型32株、PV2型5株、PV3型216株。结论2016年7月以后未发现PV2型,PV3型是黑龙江省生活污水中的PV优势株。今后应进一步加强AFP病病原学监测。

ObjectiveTo know the epidemiological characteristics of Acute Flaccid Paralysis(AFP)cases and the operation of surveillance system in Heilongjiang Province,so as to provide basis for maintaining polio-free status and formulate prevention and control measures.MethodsIn accordance with the method of Polio Laboratory Manual(4th edition,2004)recommended by World Health Organization,mouse L cells expressing the human poliovirus receptor(L20B)and rhabdomyosarcoma(RD)cells were used for virus isolation in the stool specimens of AFP cases.ResultsTwo isolates of poliovirus(PV)and 30 isolates of non-PV were isolated from 924 specimens of 426 AFP cases,in which 2were Sabin-like.No polio wild strain and VDPV were observed.211 samples of external environmental sewage were collected,including 32 PV1 type strains,5 PV2 type strains,216 PV3 strains.ConclusionsNo PV2 has been found scince July,2016,and PV3 is the dominant PV strain in domestic sewage in Heilongjiang Province.It is suggested to futher strengthen AFP pathogen surveillance.