2010—2019年重庆市万州区梅毒流行特征及防控成效分析

Epidemiological characteristics of syphilis and effectiveness analysis of prevention and control in Wanzhou District, Chongqing City from 2010 to 2019

目的了解重庆市万州区梅毒发病现状和流行病学特征,为制定针对性的防控策略提供依据。方法采用描述流行病学方法,对2010—2019年万州区报告的梅毒病例进行分析。结果万州区梅毒发病率由2010年的20.48/10万上升至2019年的78.42/10万,年均增长16.09%,其中,2018—2019年上升趋势最明显。女性梅毒发病率高于男性,25~34岁和>70岁为高发年龄段;家务及待业人员所占比例最高,为26.58%;离退休人员增幅最大,为27.74%。全区52个镇(乡、街道)中,有51个镇(乡、街道)梅毒发病率均呈上升趋势,城市年均发病率高于农村。结论2010—2019年期间,重庆市万州区梅毒疫情控制达到了预期目标,但出现了隐性梅毒占比上升和老年人发病率不断升高的新特点。应依托基本公共卫生服务,加强对重点人群的梅毒防治知识宣传教育工作,提高群众的自我保护意识和防护能力,控制梅毒流行。

Objective To know the epidemic situation and epidemiological characteristics of syphilis in Wanzhou District,Chongqing City,and to provide the basis for formulating prevention and control strategies of syphilis contrapuntally.Methods The syphilis reported in Wanzhou District from 2010 to 2019 were analyzed by descriptive epidemiological method.Results The incidence rate of the reported syphilis in Wanzhou District increased from 20.48/100000 in 2010 to 78.42/100000 in 2019,with an average annual growth rate of 16.09%.There was an obvious upward trend from 2018 to 2019.The reported incidence rate of syphilis in women was higher than that in men.The incidence of syphilis was the highest in the age group of 25~34 years and>70 years old.The proportion of reported cases related to unemployed housework was the highest,accounting for 26.58%.The retirees had the largest percentage increase,accounting for 27.74%.The reported incidence rate of syphilis increased in 51 towns(townships,streets)of all 52 towns(townships,streets).The incidence rate in urban areas was higher than that in rural areas.Conclusion The control of syphilis epidemic situation in Wanzhou District,Chongqing City reached the expected goal from 2010 to 2019,but the incidence of latent syphilis and the elderly group increased significantly.It is suggested to rely on the basic public health,strengthen the publicity and education of syphilis prevention and control knowledge among key groups,improve the self-protection consciousness and protection capability,and control the prevalence of syphilis.