北京市通州区成人居民烟草流行现况调查

Prevalence of tobacco among adult residents in Tongzhou District,Beijing City

目的分析2021年北京市通州区成人居民烟草流行现状及影响因素,为制定下一步控烟措施提供科学依据。方法采用多阶段抽样的方法,选取1196名北京市通州区非集体居住的≥15岁常住居民作为调查对象。采用入户问卷调查的形式进行信息采集,并对数据进行统计分析。结果北京市通州区成人居民的现在吸烟率为23.84%,男性高于女性,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=153.923,P<0.05);现在吸烟率随文化程度的增高而降低,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)_(趋势)=5.535,P<0.05)。居民戒烟率为45.32%。不同场所二手烟暴露率比较,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=112.365,P<0.05)。居民对吸烟会引起阳痿的知晓率最低,为55.23%;对吸烟引起相关疾病的知晓率比较,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=23.167,P<0.05)。22.81%的居民认为低焦油卷烟比一般卷烟危害小。结论北京市通州区成人居民烟草流行呈现反弹趋势,居民对烟草危害的认知存在局限性,政府仍应加大控烟力度,将男性、低文化程度居民作为重点干预对象。

Objective To analyze the tobacco epidemic status and influencing factors of adult residents in Tongzhou District,Beijing City in 2021,and to provide scientific basis for further tobacco control measures.Methods 1196 adult residents aged≥15 were enrolled in Tongzhou District,Beijing City by multi-stage cluster sampling method.Face to face questionnaire survey was done to collect information,and statistical analysis was done.Results The smoking rate of adult residents in Tongzhou District,Beijing City was 23.84%,with males higher than females(χ^(2)=153.923,P<0.05).The smoking rate decreased with the increase of education level,with statistically significat difference(χ^(2)_(trend)=5.535,P<0.05).The smoking cessation rate of adult residents was 45.32%.The difference of the exposure rates of second-hand smoke in different places were statistically significant(χ^(2)=112.365,P<0.05).The cognition rate of impotence caused by smoking was the lowest,accounting for 55.23%.The difference was statistically significant in the comparison of related diseases caused by smoking(χ^(2)=23.167,P<0.05).22.81%residents thought that low-tar cigarettes were less harmful than regular cigarettes.Conclusion The adult tobacco epidemic in Tongzhou District,Beijing City shows a rebound trend.There is limitation in residents’perception of tobacco harm.Government should intensify efforts to control tobacco.Men and people with low education level should be regarded as the key intervention objects.