新闻发言人制度的理论探索和中美比较

Theoretical Study of Press Spokesman System and a Comparison of the Systems in China and the US

新闻发言人制度从建立到成熟经历了将近两个世纪的时间,如今我国各机关企事业单位、社会团体都建立了发言人制度,但仍有待完善和提升。本文旨在探究新闻发言人的历史成因,阐明"发布会发言人"与"记者招待会"的区别以及发言人制度中的国际传播学理论内涵,同时梳理美国新闻发言人制度的发展历程,并分析中美新闻发布和发言人的异同,为我国新闻发言人制度的进一步发展提供参考。

The press spokesman system has been in practice for nearly two centuries from its establishment to its maturity.Today,the spokesman system has been established in China in various governmental bodies,enterprises,institutions and social organizations.Yet,it still needs to be further promoted and improved.This paper aims to explore the historical background of the establishment of the press spokesman system,clarify the differences between the systems of"news release"and"press conference",review the theoretical connotation of international communication in the spokesman system,examine the development process of the press spokesman system in the United States,and analyze the similarities and differences between Chinese and US news release and spokesman systems,so as to provide some reference for further development of the press spokesman system in China.