马铃薯节水灌溉技术研究进展

Research status of potato water-saving irrigation technology

马铃薯是我国第四大粮食作物,马铃薯高效生产对保障国家粮食安全具有重要意义。马铃薯需水量大,生育期间的降水量无法满足其正常水分需求,因此对灌溉水的依赖度高。然而,我国淡水资源短缺,马铃薯生产中存在灌溉水管理粗放、节水灌溉制度不合理、水分利用效率低等问题,亟需探索马铃薯节水高效灌溉技术体系。本文从需水规律、灌溉方式、灌溉制度等方面综述了马铃薯灌溉技术的研究现状和存在的问题,对我国马铃薯节水灌溉技术需要进一步研究的问题进行了展望,以期丰富马铃薯高效用水理论,为马铃薯稳定生产提供技术支撑。

Potato is the fourth largest food crop in China,and the efficient production of potato has important strategic significance for ensuring national food security.Precipitation during potato growth cannot meet the needs of normal growth,and it is highly dependent on irrigation water.However,due to the shortage of freshwater resources in China,there are some problems in potato production,such as extensive irrigation management,lack of water-saving irrigation system and low water use efficiency,it is urgent to explore and construct a potato water-saving and efficient irrigation technology system.This paper summarizes the research status and existing problems of potato irrigation technology from the aspects of water demand law,irrigation mode and irrigation system.On this basis,the problems that need further research on potato water-saving irrigation technology in China are prospected,in order to enrich the theoretical system of potato efficient water use and provide technical support for the sustainable and stable development of potato industry.