1998—2017年海河流域水资源变化趋势分析

Analysis on the Trend of Water Resources in Haihe River Basin during 1998—2017

海河流域是我国水资源开发利用程度最高、水资源最为紧缺、水质污染尤为突出的地区。【目的】明确该流域近年来水资源现状及变化趋势。【方法】统计1998—2017年海河流域水资源数据,分析了水资源量、供用水量和水质的变化趋势。【结果】海河流域人均水资源量不足全国人均的1/10,水资源极度匮乏且年际波动较大;在供水量方面,近年来地下水供给占比呈下降趋势,域外调水和其他水源供给占比呈增加趋势;在用水量方面,农业和工业用水量呈降低趋势,生活用水量不断提高,生态用水量快速增长;河流水质有所改善,但仍处于较差水平;大中型水库水质达标率较低,近况堪忧。【结论】海河流域水资源量与质的问题依然十分严峻,更加严格的水资源管理措施有待执行。

Haihe River Basin is the region with the highest degree of water resources development and utilization,the most scarce water resources and the particularly prominent water pollution.【Objective】We aimed to clarify the current situation and changing trend of water resources in Haihe River Basin.【Method】This study summarized the changing trend of water resources,water supply and water consumption,and water quality during 1998—2017.【Result】The water resources per capita in Haihe River Basin was extreme low,which was less than 1/10 of the national average level.In terms of water supply,the proportion of groundwater supply declined in recent years,while that of extraterritorial water intake and other water sources increased.In terms of water consumption,agricultural and industrial water consumption showed decreasing trend,domestic water consumption increased,and ecological water consumption increased rapidly.The water quality of the river has improved,but it was still at a poor level.The water quality of large and medium-sized reservoirs was low,and the recent situation is worrying.【Conclusion】The quantity and quality of water resources in Haihe River Basin are still very serious.Stricter water resources management measures need to be implemented.