我国社会救助制度改革:历史演进、实践困境及路径选择

Reform of Social Assistance System:Historical Evolution, Practical Dilemma and Path Choice

社会救助制度在脱贫攻坚中发挥了重大作用,但由于各方面的原因,也存在救助的标准偏低;社会救助主体以及救助方式单一;社会救助与精准扶贫不能有效衔接;社会救助中存在救助依赖现象等困境。要实现社会救助与扶贫的有效衔接,平衡好社会支持和政府部门管理之间的关系,形成发展型的社会救助制度,应采取提高社会救助标准,扩大救助范围;增加社会救助方式,鼓励多主体参与救助;促进社会救助与精准扶贫的有机衔接;完善社会救助制度设计,减少受助者依赖性等措施完善社会救助制度。

The social assistance system has played a major role in the fight against poverty,but it also faces many difficulties such as low standards;the subject of social assistance and assistance methods are single;social assistance and targeted poverty alleviation cannot be effectively connected;the phenomenon of aid dependence exist in the social assistance.To achieve an effective connection between social assistance and poverty alleviation,to balance the relationship between social support and governmental management,and to form a developmental social assistance system,we should improve social assistance standards and expand the scope of assistance;increase social assistance methods and encourage multiple actors to participate in assistance;promote the organic connection between social assistance and targeted poverty alleviation;improve the design of the social assistance system,reduce the dependence of recipients,and other measures to improve the social assistance system.