复古求变:叶适诗论中的“破”

Idolizing the Ancients and Pursuit of Transiormation:Destruction Factors in Ye Shi's Poetics

叶适诗歌成就不高,但在诗论方面体现出了高远的眼光。叶适的学术思想具有“破”和“变”的特征,他以史论经,对理学家的道统釜底抽薪;主张恢复古诗传统,以雅正之音纠正奇崛之语,补救宋诗时弊。他多次以韩愈为标靶,目的是从道学和文学上都拆解已有的强大体系,以恢复理想中的三代之道。然而,叶适囿于自己的诗学主张,其作品常有文气不舒、辞意不畅的弊端,但他对江西诗派的反拨之功,以及助推宋诗进入新阶段的劳绩仍值得重视。

Ye Shi's achievements in poetry are not high,but he demonstrates a broad vision in poetics.His academic thoughts encapsulate the traits of“destruction”and“transformation”.He critiques the Confucian.orthodoxy by interpreting classics through historical analysis,aiming to uproot the foundation of Neo-Confucianism.He advocates for the restoration of the tradition of ancient poetry,using elegant tones to correct peculiar language and remedy the shortcomings of Song Dynasty.poetry.He frequently targets Han Yu,aiming to dismantle existing strong systems both in Daoism and literature in order to restore the ideal orthodoxy of Xia,Shang,and Zhou Dynasties.However,confined by his own poetic principles,Ye Shi's works often suffer from lack of smooth and clear expression.Nonetheless,his contribution in opposing the Jiangxi Poetic School and pushing Song Dynasty poetry into a new stage deserves recognition.