论胡缵宗的乐府诗创作与诗学意义

On Hu Zuanzong's Music Bureau Poems and Poetic Significance

作为明代正德、嘉靖年间著述丰厚的官员、学者、诗人,胡缵宗乐府诗的成就尚未受学界关注。胡缵宗的《拟汉乐府》摹拟汉乐府古雅诗风,掺入君臣之义、夫妻之道等道学思想,代表了复古派诗人在古体诗领域的复古实践,既是对前七子诗学复古的完成,也是对前七子摹拟汉魏不足的反思,其特点直接影响了后七子的乐府诗创作和研究。《拟古乐府》是胡缵宗晚年结合生命体验摹拟李东阳《拟古乐府》而作,继承了咏史乐府传统,其文学性高于《拟汉乐府》。胡缵宗首创乐府声容论,力求以乐府诗论通达诗乐相合的礼乐复古理想。胡缵宗的乐府诗创作代表了嘉靖朝士大夫对礼乐现状的不满,以及士大夫与皇权斗争、妥协、合作的微妙心境与复杂关系。

As a prolific official,scholar,and poet in the Zhengde and Jiajing period of the Ming Dynasty,the achievements of Hu Zuanzong's Music Bureau poems have not yet attracted the attention of the academic.Hu Zuanzong's imitation of Han Music Bureau poems imitates the ancient quaint style of Han Music Bureau Poems,and incorporates moral ideas such as the righteousness of king and ministers,the criterion of husband and wife.It represents the retro campaign of ancient poets,completes the Former Seven Schorlars Retro Movement,and corrects the lack of imitating the Han and Wei Music Bureau poems.His Music Bureau poems directly influenced the writing and research of Music Bureau poems by Later Seven Schorlars.Based on the life experience,imitation of Ancient Music Bureau Poems was written by Hu Zuanzong in his later years by imitating Li Dongyang's Imitation of Ancient Music Bureau Poems and inherits the tradition of chanting history Music Bureau poems,and the literary merit of it is more valuable than imitation of Han Music Bureau poems.Hu Zuanzong pioneered the theory of sound and appearance of Music Bureau poems,and strived to use the theory of Music Bureau poems to understand the ideal of restoring ancient ways of ritual and music in harmony with poetry.Hu Zuanzong's Music Bureau poems represent the dissatisfaction of the scholars in Jiajing Dynasty with the status quo of ritual and music,as well as the delicate state of mind and complex relationship between the scholars and the imperial power in struggle,compromise and cooperation.