官方学术与辑录文本:论《性理大全》的文学批评

Official Academics and Edited Texts:The Literary Criticism of Xingli Daquan

永乐年间,明廷编纂《性理大全》时专门辑录理学家论诗、论文语录,形成代表官方学术的文学批评。通过文本对读可知,《大全》编纂者在辑录过程中对来源文本进行整饬、剪裁、拼合,以增强其文学批评的官方色彩,宣扬“不务辞章”的文学导向,回避与当朝帝王、文官群体、既有文学评价等可能发生冲突的话题。辑录过程中的文本改易现象,是理解《性理大全》文学批评特点的关键。

During the Yongle period,when the Ming court compiled Xingli Daquan,it specially compiled the comments of Confucianists on poetry and prose,forming a literary criticism representing official academics.It can be seen from the textual reading that the editors of Xingli Daquan have rectified,cut,and combined the source texts in the process of compiling,in order to enhance the official color of their literary criticism and promote the literary orientation of“discouraging rhetoric”.At the same time,they avoided topics that might conflict with the emperor,the literati group,and the literary criticism tradition.In order to understand the characteristics of the literary criticism of Xingli Daquan,the phenomenon of text modification during the compilation process is a key issue.