谈中华诗文之用典和对仗——胡适对中华文化欠一个百年道歉

On the Use of Allusions and Antithesis in Chinese Poetry:Hu Shih Owes Chinese Culture a Centennial Apology

中国传统文学是传统文化最重要的组成部分。由于中国历史悠久的特点和汉字的特点,中华诗文也就具有了世界上最突出甚至独有的两个重要特点,一是讲究引用典故,一是讲究音韵骈仗。这正是中国人喜闻乐见和无比自豪的文化财富。用典就是对历史的重温和致敬,对仗乃人类与生俱来的美学追求。然而百年前胡适名文《文学改良刍议》直接精准针对中华诗文这两大特点,试图进行破坏,实属无理,造成了恶劣的影响和损失。胡适对中华文化欠一个百年道歉。

Traditional Chinese literature is the most important part of traditional culture.Due to the long history of China and the characteristics of Chinese characters,Chinese poetry and parallel prose have two important features that are most prominent and even unique in the world.One is to cite allusions,and the other is to pay attention to phonological antithesis.This is the cultural wealth that Chinese people love to see and are extremely proud of.Allusion is to review and pay tribute to history,and antithesis is the innate aesthetic pursuit of human beings.However,a hundred years ago,Hu Shih’s famous article"On Literary Reformation"directly and accurately targeted the two characteristics of Chinese poetry and parallel prose,and attempted to destroy it,which is really unreasonable and caused bad influence and loss.Hu Shih owes Chinese culture a centennial apology.