“以技为喻”与《文心雕龙》批评话语的生成

“Taking Technology as Metaphor” and the Generation of Critical Discourse of Wenxin Diaolong

"以技为喻"是中国文学批评中一种独特的譬喻方式,它基于百工技艺与作家创作之间的相通性与相似性,是象喻思维向文学批评领域辐射的产物。刘勰的《文心雕龙》所以能够截断众流、拔萃出类,其关键正在于"以技为喻"批评范式的大量运用。在《文心雕龙》中,举凡文学创作之"雕缛"、"符采相济"的体制特征,讲求法度、重视模范的理论主张,以及中和、余味的审美理想,刘勰皆援百工技艺以出之。刘勰借助"以技为喻",在实现百工经验向文学创作领域迁移的同时,也完成了技艺术语向批评话语的转换。

"Taking technology as metaphor" is a unique way of metaphor in Chinese literary criticism.It’s based on the connection and similarity between craftsmen’s technology and writers’ creation,which is the product of the radiation of figurative thinking to the field of literary criticism.The widespread using of "Taking technology as metaphor" is also the key factor of Liu Xie’s Wenxin Diaolong out-standing among the literary theory works.In Wenxin Diaolong,whether the system features of "embellishment" and "unity of content and form",or the theory of standard and model,as well as the aesthetic ideal of neutralization and aftertaste are all based on craftsmen’s skill as metaphor.Liu Xie all used with the help of "taking technology as metaphor".He realized the transfer of craftsmen’s experience to the field of literary creation,and also completed the transformation of technical terms to critical discourse.