爱恨纠缠的他者想象——论人类世气候小说《未来部》的中国形象

The“Other”Entangled by Love and Hatred:On the Image of China in Robinson's Cli-fi The Ministry for the Future

诸多西方作家高度关注21世纪的中国,并将其融入文学创作,这尤为体现在近些年英语文坛蓬勃发展的气候小说中。本文以美国当代著名科幻作家金·斯坦利·罗宾逊2020年出版的《未来部》为研究对象,聚焦其中的中国形象塑造。论文借鉴心理学中的“心智三维度”“双重态度”等理论概念,探讨《未来部》呈现的整体中国形象,考察作家的中国观,并剖析作家塑造中国形象的深层发生机制。研究认为,罗宾逊笔下的中国具有很强的时代感、鲜活感和现实主义色彩;具有高度政治自觉的罗宾逊将中国塑造为人类世时代的“他者”,这根植于西方对中国的态度,对中国他者的态度以“爱恨纠缠”为鲜明特征,这同西方既要依靠中国、又不完全信任中国的矛盾态度密切相关。此个案研究对揭示西方对21世纪的中国的认知具有一定的借鉴价值,对我们更好实现“可信、可爱、可敬的中国形象”的塑造也具有一定的启发意义。

Many western writers pay much attention to the 21st-century China or future development of China,and they more often than not infuse the Chinese factors into the story.Kim Stanley Robinson,regarded as“the greatest political novelist”of our time,has paid much attention to the role of China in addressing climate change in the Anthropocene.Aiming to examine the writing of China in Robinson's latest Cli-fi The Ministry for the Future,this paper explores the overall China image presented in the novel,discusses the writer's view of China,and discloses its deeper generative mechanisms by drawing on the concepts of the trilogy of mind,dual attitude,and imagology.The study concludes that China depicted in the novel is characterized with distinctive realist color,and in the story,Robinson,who is highly politically conscious,portrays China as the other in the Anthropocene.This paper reveals that the construction of the China image is essentially a projection of the United States itself,which exposes the underlying demand and internal logic of its ideological output and discursive system construction.This study sheds light on people's cognition of China in the 21st century,and is inspirational for us to better create a“credible,lovely and respectable image of China.”