关于「と思う」引用句前接的判断助动词消隐现象的考察——学习者与日语母语者的对比分析

An investigation of the omission of judgment auxiliary verb before the quotation of“~to omou”:A comparative analysis of Japanese learners and Japanese native speakers

日语学习者和日语母语者在使用「と思う」引用句时,均会出现本该接在名词或ナ形容词词干后面的判断助动词「だ/である」消隐的现象。两者虽表象一致,却有着本质上的差异。前者是学习者遗漏判断助动词的现象,即误用现象,后者是日语母语者省略判断助动词的现象,即隐藏现象。本文通过统计学的方法对语料库数据进行分析,比较并总结了两者的不同之处。结果表明:1.学习者在使用「と思う」引用句时,判断助动词的消隐率明显高于日语母语者。2.日语母语者的判断助动词隐藏现象与语体及前接的词类相关,而学习者的判断助动词误用现象多起因于接续上的该用而未用,且与语体及前接的词类无关联性。

When using reference expression“~to omou”,Japanese learners often drop the auxiliary verb“da”or“de aru”attached to noun or na-adjective.Generally regarded as a misuse by Japanese learners,this kind of omission is actually very common among native Japanese speakers in both written and spoken languages.This paper uses statistical methods to compare the differences between Japanese learners and native Japanese speakers’dropping the auxiliary verbs that precede“~to omou”by analyzing the corpus data.The results show that the omission of auxiliary verbs by native Japanese speakers depends on the style(written or spoken language)and the preceding parts,while for Japanese learners the same cases are mostly misuses of connection,which has no relevance to the style and the preceding parts.Therefore,the whole omission rate of Japanese learners is significantly higher than that of native Japanese speakers.