基于认知语义观的日语「V-てくる」构式扩展机制研究

A cognitive semantic study on the semantic extension mechanism of Japanese ‘V-tekuru’ construction

本文以认知语义学的原型范畴观为理论框架,探讨了日语「V-てくる」构式的多义性及其扩展机制。基于语料库的计量统计对「V-てくる」构式的使用状况进行了考察,并分析了其语义扩展的机制,构建了其语义多义性网络模型。本文认为「V-てくる」构式的“时态功能”语义和“逆行态功能”语义由其原型语义“空间移动”以隐喻为动因扩展而来,在扩展过程中受到位移主体人称的限制。「V-てくる」构式语义扩展机制的考察将会深化日语「くる」的语法化及构式研究。

This paper endeavors to discuss the polysemy of‘V-tekuru’construction in Japanese and its mechanism of extension based on the theoretical framework of the prototype category in cognitive semantics.The usage of‘V-tekuru’construction is examined according to the corpus statistics,and the corresponding semantic extension mechanism is analyzed to construct a polysemic network model.This paper also argues that the‘tense’and the‘inverse voice’meanings of‘V-tekuru’construction are the results of the extension of its prototypical meaning of‘moving in space’through metaphors,which are subject to the person restriction of the subject of the movement amidst the extension process.Further,this paper proposes a polysemic extension network model of‘V-tekuru’construction,which would deepen the research of the grammaticalization and construction of the‘kuru’in Japanese.