日语分裂句焦点成分的制约

Restriction of focus components in cleft sentences in Japanese

并非所有的词或短语、句节等都能够充当日语分裂句的焦点成分,即日语分裂句的焦点成分存在制约现象。本研究在前人研究基础上提出:(1)名词(短语)基本都能够充当日语分裂句的焦点成分,但是叙述性名词则不可;(2)名词节"名词(短语)+助词"基本能够充当日语分裂句的焦点成分,且一般只能是1个句节。但若是表起止关系的组合以及表时间、地点、人物中的2个或3个句节组合也可充当日语分裂句的焦点成分;(3)表原因、时间、地点、对象等的副词节能够充当日语分裂句的焦点成分。此外,本研究通过探讨以上能够充当焦点成分的名词节和副词节的性质,提出能够充当日语分裂句焦点成分的是名词(短语)或带有名词性特征的名词节和副词节。

Not all parts of speech(phrases) or clauses can serve as the focus component of cleft sentences in Japanese. In other words, the focus component of cleft sentences in Japanese is restricted. On the basis of previous studies, this study proposes:(1) nouns(phrases) can basically act as the focus components of Cleft Sentences in Japanese, but descriptive nouns can not;(2) noun clauses "noun(phrase)+auxiliary word" can basically serve as the focus component of cleft sentences in Japanese, and it is usually only one clause. However, the combination of starting and ending relations and the combination of 2 or 3 clauses about time, place or characters can also serve as the focus component of cleft sentences in Japanese;(3) adverb clauses that indicate cause, time, place, object, etc. can serve as the focus components of cleft sentences in Japanese. In addition, by discussing indicating properties of noun and adverb clauses above that can serve as focus components, this study proposes that nouns(phrases) or noun and adverb clauses with nominal characteristics can serve as the focus component of cleft sentences in Japanese.