酶固定化载体及固定化方法最新研究进展

The Latest Research Progress of Enzyme Immobilization Carrier and Immobilization Method

游离酶在工业生产等实际应用中存在着性质较不稳定、耐酸碱性弱、耐热性不强等诸多的局限性,对游离酶进行固定化是克服上述的不足的有效手段。本文将对常见的固定化载体(有机载体材料、无机载体材料和复合载体材料)和固定化方法(吸附法、包埋法、离子结合法、交联法和热处理法)以及一些新型固定化方法和新载体研究进展进行系统的深入介绍,并归纳和总结它们各自的特点。最后介绍了当前酶固定化载体材料和固定化方法的研究重点,以及阐述了固定化酶技术未来的趋势—运用复合载体材料和多种方法联用的固定化技术。

Free enzymes have many limitations in industrial production and other practical applications,such as,unstable properties,weak acid and alkali resistance,and poor thermal stability.Immobilization of free enzymes is an effective means to overcome the above limitations.This review summarizes systematically the research progress of common immobilized carriers(organic carrier materials,inorganic carrier materials and composite carrier materials)and methods(adsorption,embedding,ion bonding,cross-linking and heat treatment)and some new immobilization methods and new carriers,and the characteristics of these methods and carriers are summarized and compared.Finally,the current research focus on the carrier materials and immobilization methods were introduced,and the future trend of immobilized enzyme technology was described,and the development trend of immobilized enzyme technology in the future was elaborated,especially composite carrier materials and combined immobilization technology.