26年现代远程教育体系构建与高校在线教育发展——基于新冠肺炎疫情推动下高校在线教学行动的观察与思考

26 Years Construction of Modern Distance Education System and Online High Education ——Based on the Observation and Reflection on the Teaching Online Action in Colleges and Universities Driven by Covid-19 Pneumonia Epidemic

在因新冠肺炎疫情影响做出"春季学期延期开学"的决定后,教育部发出通知要求全国各高校借助互联网平台开展在线教学工作。此轮在紧急部署下迅速开展的高校在线教学行动,既是高教体系为维护学生权益,保障教学秩序做出的偶发应对,也是多年来国家对现代远程教育体系及高校网络课程建设不懈投入的必然结果。然而线上教学有别于网络课程建设,很多始料未及的矛盾和问题,在线上教学的筹备和施行过程中复现了出来。如老教师缺少在线教学的意愿和能力、学生身处"网络困境"、传统教学活动遭遇网络制约、教学平台承载能力有限、是对教学内容进行"版权保护"还是"创用共享"。这些问题也迅速成为教育信息化2.0时代,需要为广大高校教师思考及公关的议题。

Soon after made the decision of"postpone the start of the spring semester"according to the outbreak of coronavirus pneumonia,the Ministry of Education had issued another announcement which urging universities across the country to do new semester teaching work by apply cyber technology such round of online teaching action,seems to be an"accidental response"to protect the rights and interests of college students,as well as maintaining the education order;however,it is actually an inevitable result of China′s long term and unremitting investment in the construction of modern distance education system,and it is also a consequence of higher education organizations′network course building over the years.There are differences between online teaching and network course building.Many unexpected conflicts and problems have resurfaced during the preparation and implementation of online teaching.For example:senior faculties lack of willingness and ability to do online teaching,students self-isolated in undeveloped region are confronted with network constraints,cyber education platform has carrying capacity limitation,treat the teaching materials follow"Creative Commons License"or"Copyright Law"and etc.,These obstacles worth to be further studies since we have entered the 2.0 era of education informatization.