全球价值链视域下中美日韩光电设备制造业竞争力的比较与启示

Comparison of Optoelectronic Equipment Manufacturing Competitiveness of China,the US,Japan and South Korea from the Perspective of Global Value Chain and its Enlightenment

中美日韩在以光电设备制造业为主的高端制造业方面博弈加剧,反映了四国高端制造业在全球价值链的竞争力和地位发生"此消彼长"的变化。运用WWYZ(2017)增加值分解方法,通过建构参与度、位置度、关联度三维分析模型,对中美日韩光电设备制造业在全球价值链分工体系中的竞争力进行比较后,研究发现:中国该产业具有发展潜力;中日韩影响力增强而美国影响力下降;产业东亚聚集趋势和中国核心地位凸显;中日韩高端制造业产业合作机遇挑战并存。中国应当以外部环境改善和发展动力充足为契机,化解外部风险的同时,推动中日韩光电设备制造业合作进程,为建构稳定的东亚高端制造业区域价值链奠定基础。

China,the United States,Japan and South Korea have intensified their game in the high-tech manufacturing industry which is dominated by optoelectronic equipment manufacturing,reflecting the changes in the competitiveness and status of the four high-tech manufacturing industries in the global value chain.By using WWYZ (2017) value-added decomposition method,and constructing a three-dimensional analysis model of participation,location and correlation,this paper compares the development of the competitiveness of China,the US,Japan and Korea in the global value chain division of the optoelectronic equipment manufacturing industry.It is found that China possesses development potential;the influence of China,Japan and Korea is increasing while that of the United States is declining;the trend of industrial agglomeration in East Asia with China as the core is becoming prominent;opportunities and challenges coexist in the cooperation of the high-tech manufacturing industries of China,Japan and South Korea.China should take the improvement of the external environment and sufficient development momentum as an opportunity to resolve the external risks,and at the same time promote the cooperation of China,Japan and Korea,so as to lay the foundation for the construction of a stable regional value chain of high-tech manufacturing in East Asia.