“碳博弈”背景下澳大利亚能源转型的路径和挑战研究

Australia’s Energy Transition and Its Influence on Sino-Aussie Energy Relations in the Context of Carbon Game

澳大利亚是世界能源大国,但受到国内能源开采与消费结构不均衡、国际发展环境复杂多变以及气候变化等多重因素博弈的影响,能源转型迫在眉睫。为此,澳大利亚政府持续推动能源开采与消费改革,围绕能源经济性、环保性、动能性、社会性,有序压缩火电,增加可再生能源在整体能源消费结构中的比例,出台能源转型刺激政策等。但是,来自资本博弈、市场扩张、环境保护、政党竞争等方面的压力为澳大利亚能源转型带来了诸多不确定性因素。

Though rich in energy,Australia is faced with an imminent energy transition due to the pressure from climate change,energy structure adjustment,global zero-carbon emission,and the increasingly complicated international relations.Further energy reform has been started by compressing the installed capacity of coal-fired power plants and increasing the proportion ofrenewable energies in the whole energy consumption system,with the focus on energy economy,environmental protection,and the social effect of energy consumption.However,capital control,market restraint,environmental concerns,and party competition have brought uncertainties to the prospect of Australia’s energy transition.