多元视角下的法国文化保护政策——文化例外与文化多样性的统一

A Multi-perspective upon French Cultural Protectionist Policy-Unifying Cultural Exception with Cultural Diversity

法国是最早有文化安全意识的大国之一。自"文化例外"一词提出,法国文化保护主义政策就正式在全球范围影响开来。从文化政治的角度来看,法国文化保护主义由国家主导,以文化部为核心,通过财政支持和配额制度推进文化民主化。从文化经济角度来看,法国通过文化事业与文化产业的区别化发展激发文化市场活力,并且发展文化数字化技术使文化保护政策与时俱进。从文化外交角度来看,法国在坚持"文化多样性"的原则下,发挥法语的全球影响力,促进文化传播和交流。从文化哲学角度来看,文化的同一性和斗争性证明了文化多元化的必要性;法国文化保护主义充分展现了对文化普遍性和特殊性的辩证思维。总之,法国文化保护主义政策的实施培养了民族认同感,实现了本土文化的传承与创新,增强了文化软实力,使法国在文化全球化浪潮下依然可以展现文化大国的风范。

France is one of the countries that is aware of the safety of culture. Since the notion of cultural exception was proposed by France,the policy of cultural protection in France has extended its influence throughout the world.In terms of politics,cultural protectionism in France is led by the government,with the Ministry of Culture as the center. W ith financial support and the quota system,France is pushing the democratization of culture. In terms of economy,France not only differentiates the development of the cultural industry from that of the cultural cause,but also makes efforts to develop cultural digitization,which advances cultural policy with the times. From the diplomatic point of view,by following the principle of cultural diversity, France exercises the worldwide influence of the French language and promotes cultural communication. From the aspect of philosophy,the identity and opposition of culture proves the necessity of cultural pluralism. Moreover,cultural protectionism in France manifests completely the dialectical thought of cultural universality and cultural particularity. In short,the implementation of the French cultural policy has fostered national identity,adhered to the heritage and innovation of local culture,strengthened cultural "soft power ",and made it possible to demonstrate the image of a cultural power under cultural globalization.